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FreeThoughtAction Hero Of The Day - 7/28/07
Sir Karl Raimund Popper, CH, MA, Ph.D., D.LITT, FBA, FRS (July 28, 1902 - September 17, 1994) According to Wikipedia, Popper "was an Austrian-born British philosopher and a professor at the London School of Economics. He is counted among the most influential philosophers of science of the 20th century, and also wrote extensively on social and political philosophy. Popper is perhaps best known for repudiating the classical observationalist-inductivist account of scientific method by advancing empirical falsifiability as the criterion for distinguishing scientific theory from non-science; and for his vigorous defense of liberal democracy and the principles of social criticism which he took to make the flourishing of the 'open society' possible.... "Popper was a member of the Academy of Humanism and described himself as an agnostic..." Today is also the birthday of German philosopher and anthropologist, Ludwig Andreas von Feuerbach (July 28, 1804 - September 13, 1872), who believed that "God is nothing else than man: he is, so to speak, the outward projection of man's inward nature."
Woman Ordered Honour Killing Of Son's Wife
Bachan Athwal, a 70-year-old grandmother, screamed "liars" as she was led away, having been convicted of ordering the honour killing of her daughter-in-law. More...
Religious Related Violence 7/27/07
13 dead, 61 injured in suicide bombing near Pakistani mosque 6 Iraqi police killed by Samarra roadside bomb 3 NATO soldiers, 1 Afghan soldier killed in Afghanistan fighting 17 killed in southern Iraqi fighting LINK TO STORIES ABOVE
Rapture Ready: The Unauthorized Christians United For Israel Tour
MAX BLUMENTHAL -- On July 16, I attended Christians United for Israel's annual Washington-Israel Summit. Founded by San Antonio-based megachurch pastor John Hagee, CUFI has added the grassroots muscle of the Christian right to the already potent Israel lobby. Hagee and his minions have forged close ties with the Bush White House and members of Congress from Sen. Joseph Lieberman to Sen. John McCain. In its call for a unilateral military attack on Iran and the expansion of Israeli territory, CUFI has found unwavering encouragement from traditional pro-Israel groups like AIPAC and elements of the Israeli government. But CUFI has an ulterior agenda: its support for Israel derives from the belief of Hagee and his flock that Jesus will return to Jerusalem after the battle of Armageddon and cleanse the earth of evil. In the end, all the non-believers - Jews, Muslims, Hindus, mainline Christians, etc. - must convert or suffer the torture of eternal damnation. Over a dozen CUFI members eagerly revealed to me their excitement at the prospect of Armageddon occurring tomorrow. Among the rapture ready was Republican Former House Majority Leader Tom DeLay. None of this seemed to matter to Lieberman, who delivered a long sermon hailing Hagee as nothing less than a modern-day Moses. Lieberman went on to describe Hagee's flock as "even greater than the multitude Moses commanded." More...See also: The mainstream, sane, serious Joe LiebermanTom DeLay Says He Supports Israel So Jesus Can "Cleanse It"
Gospel 2.0: Jesuits Move Into Second Life
Father Antonio Spadaro, the literary critic of "Civilta' Cattolica" and an expert on new technologies, writes: "This virtual Second Life is becoming populated with churches, mosques, temples, cathedrals. synagogues, places of prayer of all kinds. And behind an avatar there is a man or a woman, perhaps searching for God and faith, perhaps with very strong spiritual needs." More...See also: Second Life
Study: Dinosaurs Coexisted With Their Ancestors
WASHINGTON (AP) -- Dinosaurs shared the Earth for millions of years with the species that were their ancestors, a new study concludes. More...
Preachers Of Doom
Evangelicals who proclaim the coming apocalypse have failed to mobilise ordinary Americans but their views are gaining influence in Washington. More...
Despite Catholic Feel, Developers Say Fla. Town Will Be Inclusive
NAPLES, Fla. -- No, of course not, Ave Maria is not a Roman Catholic town, its builders say. Why would you think such a thing? More...
Democratic Candidates Trying To Reach Religious Voters
NEW YORK (CNN) -- Tired of being seen by religious voters as too secular or even hostile toward religion, the Democratic Party and its presidential candidates have launched an all-out effort to win their votes. More...
Sex Charges Unsettle Church
Members of Chapel Hill United Methodist Church are trying to cope after allegations that their youth pastor, Troy Deal, went online to solicit a child for sex. More...
Televangelist Tammy Fay Bakker Messner Dies
KANSAS CITY, Missouri (Reuters) - Tammy Faye Bakker Messner, a former televangelist who helped lead a huge television ministry before its collapse in a sex and corruption scandal, has died, her Web site reported on Saturday. More...
Nativity Battle Brewing In Berkley
BERKLEY -- City voters will get a chance in November to decide whether they want the city to display a nativity scene and other holiday symbols on City Hall property for the Christmas season. More...
Suspect Missing In Evolution Death-Threat Case
An anti-evolutionary Christian extremist suspected of sending threatening letters to biology professors at the University of Colorado has gone on the lam, according to a staff member familiar with a police investigation into the matter. More...
U.S. Backs Churches In Atheist Fight
The U.S. Department of Justice has waded into a legal brawl between a national atheist group and the Detroit Downtown Development Authority, which pledged $734,570 in grants to three historic churches in a major downtown face-lift in time for the 2006 Super Bowl. More...
Baptist Morality Activist Arrested On Sex-For-Hire Charges
RALEIGH, N.C. (ABP) -- Coy Privette, the president of a Christian morality group and a former state legislator and Southern Baptist Convention leader, has been arrested on prostitution-related charges in North Carolina. More...
Confucius Making A Comeback
ZHENGZHOU, China -- At first, the Web site director and his schoolteacher wife sent their 5-year-old son to a Confucian school in this central Chinese city simply because it was two minutes from home. But the more they learned about the school, the more they liked what they saw. More...
Court Of Appeal Rules That Shambo Must Die
The long-running saga of Shambo the bull entered its final chapter yesterday, as the Court of Appeal ruled a slaughter order on the animal was justified, despite his sacred status for the Hindu monks who keep him. More...
The Business Of Religion
It used to be that companies were in the business of selling products and churches were in the business of promoting faith. Today the line between religion and the marketplace is blurring. Faith-based marketing generates nearly $5 billion a year in revenue. And as VOA's Mil Arcega reports, some well-known companies are bringing religion to the boardroom. More...
Islamist Party Wins Turkey's Election
Turkey's prime minister claimed a thumping victory in yesterday's parliamentary election for his Islamist-rooted party but was quick to pledge adherence to secularism and continued economic and democratic reform. More...
Jehovahs Accused Over Gran's Death
A JEHOVAH'S Witness died after refusing a blood transfusion because it was against her religion. More...
Priest Says Church Knew He Abused Girls
MILWAUKEE, Wisc. -- A fraud lawsuit has been filed against the Milwaukee Archdiocese, accusing Catholic leaders of covering up for a priest accused of sexually assaulting children, reported WISN-TV. More...
Forgiven Child Goddess Gets Divinity Back
She was the Nepalese child goddess who broke with centuries of custom and travelled overseas, only for her family to learn she was being stripped of her title for that breach of etiquette. For three anxious weeks, her family negotiated with authorities, insisting she had done nothing wrong. More...
'Honour' Gang Laughed As Victim Suffered
The horrific final hours of a Kurdish woman murdered on the instructions of her father and uncle because she had brought "shame" on her family were revealed to a court yesterday. More...
Muslim Women Are Vitamin Deficient In The Sun
In "THE VEIL HARMS HEALTH", the Mirror says wearing a hijab can make women ill. They might not get enough sunlight. This means their bodies cannot absorb enough Vitamin D. More...
Cartoon Protest Muslims Jailed For Six Years
Three men were each sentenced to six years in prison yesterday for soliciting murder during a rally against a newspaper cartoon that offended Muslims around the world. More...
Christian Father And Son Were 'Paedophiles'
A DEVOUT Christian father and son who attended church three times every Sunday were secret paedophiles, Cardiff Crown Court heard yesterday. More...
Red Mosque Fueled Islamic Fire In Young Women
ISLAMABAD, Pakistan -- Hameeda Sarfraz, 19, lively eyes sparkling out of a black burqa, was describing the boons of the afterlife. More...
God '08: Whose, And How Much, Will Voters Accept?
THE probing about his Mormon beliefs has by now become familiar to the Republican presidential candidate Mitt Romney. But when Mary Van Steenis, a teacher at a local Christian school, took the microphone at a recent "Ask Mitt Anything" forum in Pella, Iowa, to ask her question, it still felt as if some sort of unspoken boundary of social etiquette had been breached. More...
Religion Beat Became A Test Of Faith
A reporter looks at how the stories he covered affected him and his spiritual journey. More...
New Research Proves Single Origin Of Humans In Africa
Science Daily -- New research published in the journal Nature (19 July) has proved the single origin of humans theory by combining studies of global genetic variations in humans with skull measurements across the world. The research, at the University of Cambridge and funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), represents a final blow for supporters of a multiple origins of humans theory. More...
Religious Related Violence 7/26/07
Some of the religious-related violence stories in the last 8 days:Suicide bomber strikes Pakistani mosque; 14 dead 17 bodies found in Baghdad Suspected Islamic insurgents kill 6 civilians -- mostly children U.S. announces troop deaths in Iraq Scores killed in bombings as violence soars in Pakistan LINK TO STORIES ABOVEBlast kills U.S. soldier in Diyala province 2 Afghans killed, 2 wounded in southern Afghan car bombing 2 U.S. soldiers die from battle wounds in Iraq LINK TO STORIES ABOVE17 slain bodies discovered in Iraqi capital Afghan Foreign Ministry: One German hostage alive, other dead of heart attack Bombs kill 8, hurt 17 in Baghdad Taliban spokesman: 2 German hostages killed; fate of South Koreans to be decided Saturay 16 sectarian violence victims found Blast kills U.S. soldier in Diyala province LINK TO STORIES ABOVEIsrael airstrikes hit Gaza after rockets hit Israeli territory Palestinian sources: Israeli airstrikes target Islamic Jihad militants, 2 killed Violence in Baghdad, Kut claims 10 lives Suicide bomber strikes Sunni tribal leaders; 5 dead, 10 wounded LINK TO STORIES ABOVEDeadly day in Afghanistan: 6 NATO forces killed on Monday U.S. military announces 3 U.S. soldiers, 1 Marine killed in Iraq over weekend Central Baghdad rocked by 4 car bombs; 16 dead U.S. military: 48 Taliban insurgents killed in major fight Roadside bomb kills U.S. soldier in Baghdad LINK TO STORIES ABOVESuicide car bomber kills at least 22 in Hilla; roadside bomb kills 1; 24 bodies found LINK TO STORY ABOVEMore than 50 insurgents killed in Afghan fighting Taliban threaten to kill more South Korean hostages if demands aren't met Two car bombs in Baghdad strike soccer celebrants, at least 50 dead French, British soldiers killed in eastern Afghanistan LINK TO STORIES ABOVE26 dead, 75 wounded in Baghdad car bomb Sources: Israeli airstrike kills 3 Islamic Jihad militants in Gaza Seven troop deaths reported Many insurgents, Afghan, soldier, British soldier killed in Afghan fighting British soldier killed in Afghan fighting Indian security forces gun down militants in Kashmir LINK TO STORIES ABOVE
Jailed Polygamist Vows To Go From 4 Wives To One
SALT LAKE CITY, Utah (AP) -- Polygamist Tom Green has four wives, but when he's released from prison next month he pledges to live with only one of them -- his legal wife. More...
Chimps On Treadmills Offer Evolution Insight
WASHINGTON (Reuters) -- Chimpanzees scampering on a treadmill have provided support for the notion that ancient human ancestors began walking on two legs because it used less energy than quadrupedal knuckle-walking, scientists said. More...
Searching For Love In All The Right's Places
While Giuliani and McCain register 'morally repugnant' on the religious right's traditional-values meter, Romney has a bigger problem: many conservative Christian evangelical leaders don't believe his religion measures up. More...
Bush Aides See Failure
WASHINGTON, July 17 -- President Bush's top counterterrorism advisers acknowledged today that the strategy for fighting Osama bin Laden's Al Qaeda leadership in Pakistan had failed, as the White House released a grim new intelligence assessment that has forced the administration to consider more aggressive measures inside Pakistan. More...
Murder Suspect Says He Was Doing God's Work
A Cypress man charged in the death of a Southwest Airlines flight attendant said Saturday that he was doing God's work when he went to a Montrose-area bar last month, hunting for a gay man to kill. More...
Cobb Must Pay $1 In Suit Over Christian-Only Prayer
A federal judge has awarded $1 to plaintiffs who sued Cobb County in a federal lawsuit several years ago, contending officials had violated federal law that requires prayers given before open meetings be performed by clergy people of various faiths. More...
Public Schools Grapple With Muslim Prayer
A San Diego school adjusts its schedule to accommodate Muslim worship. More...
Preacher Admits Sex Abuse, Avoids Jail
An unordained preacher who pleaded guilty Monday to three felony charges of first-degree sodomy in the repeated sexual abuse of three children will not serve any time in prison. More...
Pastors Face Charges Over Not Reporting Assaults
Three Loveland pastors face misdemeanor charges alleging they failed to report a series of sexual assaults involving families at their church but say they were not trying to hide anything. More...
Attorney Says Parents Did Not Do Exorcism
A council member and her husband face a state review after their daughter notified police last month. More...
Sect Leader Indicted
(CNN) -- Polygamist sect leader Warren Steed Jeffs, who is awaiting trial in southern Utah, was charged with eight additional felony counts from Arizona in two separate cases, authorities said Thursday. More...
Candidate Shot Dead In Countdown To Turkish Poll
An independent parliamentary candidate has been murdered in Istanbul as tensions rise in the approach to this weekend's elections, billed as one of the most crucial in Turkey's history. More...
Eternally Virginal
Rehymenisation surgery is the lastest example of an ancient obsession with totemic purity. More...
Islamic Edicts: The World's Stupidest Fatwas
No central authority controls doctrine in Islam, one of the world's great religions. The result? A proliferation of bizarre religious edicts against targets ranging from Salman Rushdie to polio vaccinations. FP collects some of the worst examples here. More...
Hindus Win Bull Fight In Courts
Evan Thomas, who represents the National Farmers Union in Wales on the assembly's TB action group, said: "We could be forgiven if we start busily searching for Hindu priests to bless our cattle sheds. The ruling could set disease control in Britain back by 70 years." More...
Retailer Wal-Mart Gets Religious -- Toys, That Is
Early next month, 425 Wal-Mart stores nationwide will begin carrying faith-based toys from One2believe that target parents who would rather that their kids play with a Samson action figure than a Spider-Man action figure. More...
Boy, 14, Describes How Religious Teachers Gave Him Suicide Mission
Fourteen-year-old Rafiqullah said the men at the Pakistani madrassa showed him and two classmates videos of suicide attackers. They taught the boys to drive a car and let them ride motorcycles. Then they gave Rafiqullah his mission: kill an Afghan governor. More...See also: Boy forced by Taliban to become would-be bomber is pardoned
Schoolgirls In The Gunsights Of The Taliban
WITH their teacher absent, 10 students were allowed to leave school early. These were the girls the gunmen saw first, 10 easy targets walking hand-in-hand through the blue metal gate and on to the winding dirt road. More...
Pakistan Army Dispatched To Halt Holy War
THOUSANDS of troops were deployed to Pakistan's northwestern frontier to try to dissuade outlawed Islamic militants from launching a holy war against the government for its bloody attack on a radical mosque. More...
Catholic Church's Anti-Abuse Chief Quits
The head of the Catholic church's child protection unit has resigned ahead of the publication of an inquiry recommending sweeping changes in the way the church investigates abuse allegations. More...
Turkey's Great Divide
The ruling Justice and Development Party (AKP), led by Recep Tayyip Erdogan, has links, he believes, to Islamic sects that are intent on undermining democracy and Turkey's treasured secularist principles. More...
Exposing Child Abuse In The Name Of Religion
FEMALE genital mutilation is becoming more and more common in South London. More...
Fear Of Islamist Recruiting In Jails
As the four July 21 bomb plotters started their 40-year minimum sentences this week, a group of police special branch officers - the foot soldiers of the security services - based at Prison Service headquarters were quietly working to ensure that the failed bombers do not inspire a new generation of violent jihadists. More...
Deranged Man Killed Two In Firebomb Attacks
Robert Torto, 32, who suffered from "religious and grandiose delusions", admitted killing Khiza Hayat, 37 and Hamidullah Hamidi, 31, when he threw a petrol bomb into a south London off-licence. More...
Muslim Group Loses Cartoons Libel Case In Denmark
COPENHAGEN (Reuters) - A Muslim group lost a libel case on Friday against the leader of a Danish anti-immigrant party who had accused its members of treason for publicizing cartoons of the Prophet Mohammad. More...
Convict Sues God For Broken Contract
A man serving a 20-year sentence for murder has been rebuffed so far in his effort to sue God for breach of contract by failing to protect him from evil and turning him over to Satan who encouraged him to kill. More...
Insurance For Sex Abuse
Over the weekend the Archdiocese of Los Angeles agreed to pay $660 million to settle lawsuits from hundreds of sex-abuse victims. About $250 million will come out of the diocese bank account; $60 million will come from other religious orders and another $123 million from litigation with orders that chose to sit out the deal. Insurance companies will pay the remaining $227 million. Hold on -- can churches buy insurance for sex abuse? Yes. More...
LA Church 'Agrees Abuse Pay Deal'
More than 500 people allegedly abused by Los Angeles Catholic priests are to receive a record-breaking compensation pay-out, their main lawyer says. More...
Hitler Was An Atheist...?
Was the Nazi Party Based on an Atheist, Anti-Christian Ideology? More...
American Taliban On The Warpath Against Evolution
Take your pick: Darwinism or "Free Willy." More...
Butterfly Shows Evolution At Work
Scientists say they have seen one of the fastest evolutionary changes ever observed in a species of butterfly. More...
Religious Related Violence 7/18/07
Some of the religious-related violence stories in the last 6 days:Taliban casualties 'heavy' in southern Afghan fight Dutch soldier wounded in southern Afghanistan dies; British soldier killed in combat Militants gun down 5 Iraqi police officers LINK TO STORIES ABOVEConvoy attack kills 12 Pakistani security personnel Osama bin Laden video surfaces; terror leader encourages martyrdom Troops kill 'rogue' militia cell leader Suicide car bomber kills 24 Pakistani soldiers 2 U.S. soldiers killed in Iraq U.S. troops, Shiite militia members fight in southern town Attacks throughout Iraq's capital city kill 10 civilians U.S. airstrike kills at least 6 'terrorists' in Diyala Gunmen kill 8 men, wound 3 others in drive-by south of capital Minibus explosion kills at least 1 in Baghdad 21 bodies found across Baghdad LINK TO STORIES ABOVEBaghdad car bomb kills 10; ambush kills 7 At least 31 killed in Pakistan bombings Gunmen kill wife, son of Iraqi council member Iraq police pick up 21 corpses LINK TO STORIES ABOVE1 dead, 32 wounded in Thailand bombings Suicide truck bomber kills at least 80 in Kirkuk; 170 wounded U.S. soldier killed in northern Iraq Sunday LINK TO STORIES ABOVE2 U.S. soldiers killed in Iraq combat operations NIE: Al Qaeda may use operatives in Iraq to plan another attack on U.S. soil At least 12 dead in Islamabad suicide attack Toll in eastern Baghdad suicide bombing up to 11 Gunmen kill 29 in village near Iraqi city of Baquba Bombings kill 12, wound 12 1 dead, 32 wounded in Thailand bombings LINK TO STORIES ABOVERoadside bomb blasts kill 3 U.S. soldiers in Baghdad Attack on Pakistani military convoy kills 16 soldiers 4 dead in dual bomb blasts near a Baghdad gas station LINK TO STORIES ABOVE
As War Enters Classrooms, Fear Grips Afghans
Shootings, beheadings, burnings and bombings: these are all tools of intimidation used by the Taliban and others to shut down hundreds of Afghanistan's public schools. To take aim at education is to make war on the government. More...
New U.S. Intelligence Assessment Casts Doubts On Bush's Iraq Policy
Bush, facing growing pressure to change policy from key Republican senators, many of whom face re-election next year, has blamed the worsening violence on al Qaida in Iraq, a Sunni terrorist group inspired by Osama bin Laden. But the new report repeats a January intelligence assessment that the conflict is a "self-sustaining sectarian struggle between Shia and Sunnis" for which al Qaida in Iraq attacks have served as "effective accelerants." More...See also: Intelligence report: Al Qaida at renewed strength in PakistanThe Return of Al Qaeda
Religious Book Seller Struck By Lightning
(CBS) HIALEAH -- A man making a trip from Puerto Rico to South Florida to raise money for his religious education remains hospitalized Monday after he was struck down by a bolt of lightning which flew from clear blue sky on Sunday. He was selling religious materials when he was hit. More...
Texas Adds 'Under God' To State Pledge
More than 50 years after the words "under God" were added to the national Pledge of Allegiance, Texas has made the phrase part of its oath. More...
Scared Straight
The religious right's ex-gay movement is scouting local recruits. More...
A Right-To-Life Rift In Colorado
It's come to this: The influential leader of the conservative religious group Focus on the Family, James Dobson, is too soft on the abortion question for some harder-line foes of abortion. More...
Fight Over Thou Shalts Won't Wilt
A Ten Commandments monument will remain on the lawn outside City Hall in Fargo, N.D., for now, but the City Commission's recent vote to keep it there won't end controversy over the marker. More...
Pope: Other Christians Not True Churches
LORENZAGO DI CADORE, Italy - Pope Benedict XVI reasserted the primacy of the Roman Catholic Church, approving a document released Tuesday that says other Christian communities are either defective or not true churches and Catholicism provides the only true path to salvation. More...
Threats By Religious Group Spark Probe
University of Colorado police are investigating a series of threatening messages and documents e-mailed to and slipped under the door of evolutionary biology labs on the Boulder campus. More...
Disruption Of Hindu Chaplain's Senate Prayer Shows Religious Right's Intolerance
WASHINGTON -- Religious Right Activists Want Government To Reflect Only Their Faith, Says AU's Lynn. Americans United for Separation of Church and State today deplored the disruption by Religious Right activists of a Hindu chaplain's prayer to open the U.S. Senate. "This shows the intolerance of many Religious Right activists," said the Rev. Barry W. Lynn, Americans United executive director. "They say they want more religion in the public square, but it's clear they mean only their religion." More...
School Board Rejects Mom's Request
The question was: Are books on atheism, abortion and homosexuality appropriate for a school library? Palm Beach County parent Laura Lopez doesn't think so and she recently made her opinion clear at a school board meeting. More...
Islamic Revolution Will Come In Pakistan, Warns Cleric
President Pervez Musharraf vowed yesterday to step up the fight against gun-toting fundamentalists, as the first funerals were held for militants killed in the Red Mosque siege and a defiant captured cleric predicted an Islamic revolution in Pakistan. More...
Are Bill Gates And Warren Buffett Atheist Donors?
Are the world's two biggest donors atheists? More...
Failed Bomb Attacks 'Hurt Islam'
The failed bomb attacks on London and Glasgow have damaged public perceptions of Islam, a survey has suggested. More...
Police Seize Magic Trick From Preacher
KAMPALA (Reuters) - Ugandan police are holding a Ghanaian preacher over a stage magic device they fear may dupe people into believing they have experienced miracles. More...
Al-Qaida's Deputy Leader Threatens Retaliation For Rushdie's Knighthood
Osama bin Laden's deputy warned Gordon Brown yesterday that Britain would be hit with "a very precise response" in retaliation for the knighthood given to the novelist Salman Rushdie. More...
Poll: Muslims Believe Key U.S. Goal Is To Undermine Islam
An in-depth poll of four major Muslim countries has ascertained that in each of them large majorities believe that undermining Islam is a key goal of U.S. foreign policy. The poll surveys were conducted in Egypt, Morocco, Pakistan, and Indonesia from Dec. 2006 to Feb. 2007 by WorldPublicOpinion.org, with support from the START Consortium at the University of Maryland. More...
Brainwashed Children Plead To Die As Martyrs
SAIMA KHAN wants to die a martyr. Life is transient, she told her father in a telephone call last week, and the real glory is to sacrifice it for Allah. Her statement would be alarming at any age, but Saima is only 10. More...
14 Hindus Given Life In Jail For Killing 116 Muslims
PATNA -- An Indian court jailed 14 Hindus for life yesterday for killing 116 Muslims and burying their bodies in a cauliflower patch during one of India's bloodiest religious riots almost 20 years ago. More...
Pope's Move On Latin Mass 'A Blow To Jews'
Jewish leaders and community groups criticised Pope Benedict XVI strongly yesterday after the head of the Roman Catholic Church formally removed restrictions on celebrating an old form of the Latin mass which includes prayers calling for the Jews to 'be delivered from their darkness' and converted to Catholicism. More...
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